What is an apprenticeship? | The Apprenticeship Guide

Apprenticeships explained

An apprenticeship is a paid job that combines work with training.

You will earn a wage, gain real experience and learn the skills needed for your chosen career. You will spend most of your time working for an employer. Part of your paid working time will also be used for training and study.

Apprenticeships are available in hundreds of careers. These include engineering, healthcare, law, finance, construction, digital technology, science, media and many more.

They are not only for school leavers. People of different ages and backgrounds can start an apprenticeship.

How does an apprenticeship work?

As an apprentice, you are an employee.

You will:

• earn a wage
• work with experienced colleagues
• gain practical skills
• receive training during your paid working hours
• have paid holiday
• work towards an approved apprenticeship standard

An apprenticeship can take between eight months and six years to complete.

The length will depend on:

• the job you are training for
• the apprenticeship level
• the programme you choose
• any skills or experience you already have

At least 20% of your normal working hours will usually be used for training.

This does not always mean going to college one day each week. Your training could include:

• lessons at a college, university or training centre
• online learning
• workshops
• assignments and projects
• practical training
• mentoring
• shadowing experienced colleagues
• learning how to use new systems or equipment

Training may take place each week, in longer study blocks or through a mix of different methods.

The rest of your time will be spent doing your job and using the skills you have learned.

What do you get at the end of an apprenticeship?

To finish your apprenticeship, you must show that you understand the job and can complete the work to the required standard.

Once you pass, you will receive an apprenticeship certificate. This confirms the apprenticeship level and standard you have completed.

Some apprenticeships also include another qualification, such as:

• a diploma
• a technical qualification
• a professional qualification
• a foundation degree
• a bachelor’s degree
• a master’s degree

Not every apprenticeship includes a separate qualification or degree.

Always read the vacancy carefully before you apply. It should explain the training, apprenticeship level and qualifications included.

What are the different apprenticeship levels?

Apprenticeships are available at different levels.

Level 2 apprenticeship

A Level 2 apprenticeship is also known as a Foundation or Intermediate apprenticeship.

It is broadly equal to GCSE level.

Level 3 apprenticeship

A Level 3 apprenticeship is also known as an Advanced apprenticeship.

It is broadly equal to A level.

Level 4 apprenticeship

A Level 4 apprenticeship is a Higher apprenticeship.

It is at a similar level to a Certificate of Higher Education or Higher National Certificate.

Level 5 apprenticeship

A Level 5 apprenticeship is a Higher apprenticeship.

It is at a similar level to a foundation degree or Higher National Diploma.

Level 6 apprenticeship

A Level 6 apprenticeship may be a Higher or Degree apprenticeship.

It is at the same level as a bachelor’s degree. However, you will only receive a degree if it is included in the programme.

Level 7 apprenticeship

A Level 7 apprenticeship may be a Higher or Degree apprenticeship.

It is at the same level as a master’s degree. You will only receive a master’s degree if it is included in the programme.

The word “equivalent” describes the level of difficulty. It does not always mean you will receive the same qualification.

Who can start an apprenticeship?

To start an apprenticeship in England, you must usually:

• be aged 16 or over
• live in England
• not be in full-time education when the apprenticeship starts

There is no upper age limit.

You can apply while you are still at school. However, you must be at least 16 and have left full-time education before the apprenticeship begins.

Apprenticeships are available to:

• school leavers
• college leavers
• graduates
• people changing careers
• existing employees who want to learn new skills

Entry requirements are different for each apprenticeship.

Some employers may ask for certain GCSEs, qualifications or experience. Others may focus more on your attitude, interest and potential.

How much do apprentices earn?

Apprentices must be paid for both their work and their training time.

From 1 April 2026, the National Minimum Wage apprentice rate is £8.00 per hour.

This rate applies if you are:

• under 19; or
• aged 19 or over and in the first year of your apprenticeship

If you are aged 19 or over and have completed the first year of your apprenticeship, you must receive at least the minimum wage for your age.

From 1 April 2026, the minimum hourly rates are:

• Apprentice rate: £8.00
• Under 18: £8.00
• Aged 18 to 20: £10.85
• Aged 21 and over: £12.71

These are the lowest legal rates.

Many employers pay their apprentices more. Always check the salary shown in the vacancy before applying.

Minimum wage rates normally change each April.

Do apprentices get paid holiday?

Yes. Apprentices are entitled to paid holiday.

Most workers receive at least 5.6 weeks of paid holiday each year.

If you work five days a week, this is usually 28 days.

Your employer may include bank holidays within these 28 days. Some employers may offer more holiday than the legal minimum.

Part-time apprentices also receive paid holiday. The amount will depend on the number of days or hours they work.

What other benefits can apprentices receive?

Apprentices may receive other employee benefits.

These can include:

• workplace pension contributions
• travel support
• employee discounts
• wellbeing support
• flexible or hybrid working
• private healthcare
• gym membership
• bonuses
• professional memberships
• support with equipment or study materials

Benefits are different for every employer. Check the vacancy to see what is included.

Your employer may automatically add you to a workplace pension if you are aged 22 or over and earn at least £10,000 a year.

Younger apprentices can usually ask to join the pension scheme too.

What are the benefits of an apprenticeship?

An apprenticeship could be a good choice if you want to:

• earn money while learning
• gain real work experience
• develop useful career skills
• work towards a recognised apprenticeship standard
• avoid or reduce university tuition fees
• meet people working in your chosen industry
• progress to a higher-level apprenticeship
• begin a long-term career

You will also build skills that can be useful in many jobs.

These include:

• communication
• teamwork
• problem-solving
• organisation
• time management
• confidence

What happens after an apprenticeship?

There are several options after you complete your apprenticeship.

You may be able to:

• stay with your employer
• move into a more senior job
• apply for work with another employer
• start a higher-level apprenticeship
• complete further training
• continue into higher education
• move into a related career

A permanent job is not guaranteed at the end of every apprenticeship.

However, you will have real workplace experience and evidence of the skills you have developed.

Is an apprenticeship right for me?

An apprenticeship allows you to work, earn and learn at the same time.

It may be right for you if you are ready to take on workplace duties while completing training and study.

Before applying, think about:

• the type of work you enjoy
• the industries that interest you
• the apprenticeship level
• the qualifications included
• the salary
• the location and travel time
• how the training is delivered
• the career options available after completion

Take time to compare different apprenticeship vacancies.

The right programme should help you gain the skills, experience and confidence needed for your future career.